therobotreport.com
Designing long-travel axes: When rack and pinion outperforms ball screws and linear motors
A rack‑and‑pinion system delivers the seventh axis for an articulated robot, offering scalable, low‑cost linear motion. Engineers compare it with ball screws and linear motors, noting that ball screws suffer from “whip” at long lengths, while linear motors consume more power and are expensive. Rack‑and‑pinion scales easily, provides high stiffness, and requires no continuous power, but requires lubrication, limiting use in clean‑room settings. The choice depends on travel distance, precision, cost, and environment. [...]